Title: Classification of Vegetation Communities of Maryland

Classification of Vegetation Communities of Maryland: First Iteration

A Subset of the International Classification of Ecological
Communities: Terrestrial Vegetation of the United States
March 2004

III. SHRUBLAND
III.B.2.N.d. Temporarily flooded cold-deciduous shrubland
III.B.2.N.d.7. SALIX NIGRA TEMPORARILY FLOODED SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE
Black Willow Temporarily Flooded Shrubland Alliance

Concept: Young, or frequently disturbed, thickets of Salix nigra along rivers or the shores of artificial lakes, often with few to no other species present. Placement of this vegetation in shrublands is related to disturbance frequency, both natural and anthropogenic. This alliance is present in the following regions: Piedmont, Cumberland Plateau, Coastal Plain, Ozark Highlands, Boston Mountains, Ouachita Mountains, Osage Hills, and Arkansas Valley.

Comments: Now (2000-05-17) includes the former Salix nigra Woodland (CEGL003731). Later successional and/or more speciose communities with Salix nigra as a dominant will be found in I.B.2.N.d Salix nigra Temporarily Flooded Forest Alliance (A.297).

Range: This alliance is present in the following regions: Piedmont, Cumberland Plateau, Coastal Plain, Ozark Highlands, Boston Mountains, Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas Valley, Mississippi River Alluvial Plain, and Florida Peninsula. It is found in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Maryland, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia, and in Ontario, Canada, and possibly in Texas (?) and Ohio (?).

States/Provinces: AL AR CT FL GA IL? KY LA MA MD ME MS NC NH NY? OH? OK ON? PA SC TN TX VA VT WV

TNC Ecoregions: 32:P, 37:C, 38:C, 39:C, 40:C, 41:C, 42:C, 43:C, 44:P, 50:C, 52:C, 53:C, 55:P, 56:C, 57:C, 59:C, 60:C, 61:C, 64:P

USFS Ecoregions: 212Fa:CCP, 212Fb:CCP, 212Fc:CCP, 212Fd:CCP, 212Ga:CCP, 212Gb:CCP, 221Ae:CCC, 221Af:CCC, 221Ag:CCP, 221Bd:CCP, 221Ec:C??, 221Ed:C??, 221Ef:C??, 222Ab:CCC, 222Ag:CCC, 222Ah:CCC, 222An:CCC, 231Ca:CCC, 231Cd:CCC, 231Ga:CCC, 231Gb:CCC, 231Gc:CCC, 232:C, 234Aa:CC?, 234Ai:CC?, 234Ak:CC?, 234Al:CC?, 234An:CCC, M212Bb:CCC, M212Bd:CCC, M212Cc:CCC, M212Eb:CCP, M221Aa:CCP, M221Ab:CCP, M221Ac:CCC, M221Ad:CCC, M221Bb:CCC, M221Bf:CCC, M221Da:CCC, M222Aa:CCC, M222Ab:CCC, M231Aa:CCC, M231Ab:CCC, M231Ac:CCC, M231Ad:CCC

Federal Lands: DOD (Fort Benning); USFS (Bankhead, Cherokee, Daniel Boone, Oconee?, Ouachita?, Ozark?, Pisgah); USFWS (Eufaula)

Synonymy: Brownwater stream-edge shrub/scrub vegetation (Ambrose 1990a); Rocky Bar and Shore, in part (Schafale and Weakley 1990); Sand and Mud Bar, in part (Schafale and Weakley 1990); Black Willow: 95, in part (Eyre 1980); Black willow scrub/shrub wetland (Fike 1999); River Gravel Community (Smith 1991)

References: Ambrose 1990a, Eyre 1980, Fike 1999, Schafale and Weakley 1990, Smith 1991

Authors: A.S. WEAKLEY, MP, Southeast Identifier: A.948

SALIX NIGRA TEMPORARILY FLOODED SHRUBLAND
Black Willow Temporarily Flooded Shrubland
Black Willow Riverbank Shrubland                                                                           G4? (01-09-19)
Ecological Group (SCS;MCS):  Southeastern Coastal Plain Riverfront and Levee Forests and Shrublands (385-30; 1.6.4.4)

Concept: This broadly defined type represents vegetation dominated by scrubby forms of Salix nigra across the southeastern and northeastern United States, and possibly into Canada. Stature and closure may vary depending on disturbance. Additional types may be developed as more information becomes available.

Comments: This type conceptually includes communities formerly treated as woodlands [see the archived Salix nigra Woodland (CEGL003731)].

Range: This is a potentially wide-ranging association found throughout the southeastern and eastern United States, and possibly into Canada. This broadly defined association is found from the Ozarks and Interior Low Plateau, south to the West and East Gulf coastal plains and Florida Peninsula, east to the Atlantic Coastal Plain (excluding the Southern Blue Ridge) and north into the Central Appalachians and Northern Piedmont.

States/Provinces: AL:S?, AR:S?, FL:S?, GA:S?, IL?, KY:S?, LA:S?, MD:S?, MS:S?, NC:S5, OH?, OK:S?, ON?, SC:S?, TN:S?, TX:S?, VA:S?, WV:S?

TNC Ecoregions: 38:C, 39:C, 40:C, 41:C, 42:C, 43:C, 44:P, 50:C, 52:C, 53:C, 55:P, 56:C, 57:C, 59:C

USFS Ecoregions: 221Ec:C??, 221Ed:C??, 221Ef:C??, 222Ab:CCC, 222Ag:CCC, 222Ah:CCC, 222An:CCC, 231Ca:CCC, 231Cd:CCC, 231Ga:CCC, 231Gb:CCC, 231Gc:CCC, 232:C, M221Aa:CCP, M221Ab:CCP, M221Ac:CCC, M221Ad:CCC, M221Bb:CCC, M221Bf:CCC, M221Da:CCC, M222Aa:CCC, M222Ab:CCC, M231Aa:CCC, M231Ab:CCC, M231Ac:CCC, M231Ad:CCC

Federal Lands: DOD (Fort Benning); USFS (Bankhead, Oconee?, Ouachita?, Ozark?); USFWS (Eufaula)

Synonymy: IIE3a. Riverside Shoal and Stream Bar Complex (Allard 1990) B. in part, Alluvial Shrub Swamp/Woodland (Thompson 1996) B, Palustrine Broad-leaved Deciduous Scrub/Shrub and Forested Wetland, Seasonally Flooded (PSS/FO1C) (Cowardin et al. 1979)

References: ALNHP 2002, Allard 1990, Baalman 1965, Blair 1938, Blair and Hubbell 1938, Cowardin et al. 1979, Fleming et al. 2001, Hefley 1937, Hoagland 2000, Johnson 1984, Kelting and Penfound 1950, McCoy 1958, Penfound 1953, Penfound 1961, Penfound 1965, Petranka and Holland 1980, Schafale and Weakley 1990, Thompson 1996

Authors: SCS Confidence: 2 Identifier: CEGL003901

- Maryland Vegetation Classification Subset Report III. Shrubland

 
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